the-honk/maths/trigometric functions/tan.tex

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\documentclass{../style}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\begin{document}
\euler
\begin{gather*}
\therefore \sin(\theta) = \frac{e^{i\theta} - e^{-i\theta}}{2i} \\
\cos(\theta) = \frac{e^{i\theta} + e^{-i\theta}}{2} \\
\tan(\theta) = \frac{\sin(\theta)}{\cos{\theta}} = -\frac{i(-1 + e^{2i\theta})}{1 + e^{2i\theta}}
\end{gather*}
\begin{gather*}
\text{let} \quad \tan(\theta) = x \\
x(1 + e^{2i\theta}) = -i(-1 + e^{2i\theta}) \\
x + xe^{2i\theta} = i - ie^{2i\theta} \\
xe^{2i\theta} + ie^{2i\theta} = i - x \\
e^{2i\theta}(i + x) = i - x \\
e^{2i\theta} = \frac{i - x}{i + x} \\
2i\theta = \ln(\frac{i - x}{i + x}) \\
i\theta = \frac{1}{2}\ln(\frac{i - x}{i + x}) \\
\theta = -\frac{i}{2}\ln(\frac{i - x}{i + x})
\end{gather*}
\begin{gather*}
\therefore \arctan(\theta) = -\frac{i}{2}\ln(\frac{i - \theta}{i + \theta})
\end{gather*}
\end{document}